When compared with traditional mammalian model hosts, G. 1 It is in fact the caterpillar larvae, or wax worm, and not the adult moth that is used as an animal model. mellonella is an insect from the order Lepidoptera and the family Pyralidae (snout moths). mellonella infection model, of which >200 were published in 2014–2015 alone demonstrating the increasing popularity of this infection model. More than 1000 articles have been published on PubMed about the G. More recently, Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth or honeycomb moth) has been introduced as an alternative model to study microbial infections. Secondly, mammals have lengthy reproduction times, which slow the progress of experimentation. Firstly, maintaining a sufficient number of animals required to obtain statistically relevant data is expensive and often regarded as ethically objectionable. However, there are ethical, budgetary and logistical hurdles associated with the use of rodents as infection models. One of the most commonly used models for studying microbial infections is the murine model. The review concludes with a critical assessment of the current limitatons of G. mellonella to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and experimental phage therapy are also discussed. mellonella is used to study the virulence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. mellonella and provides an extensive overview of how G. This review gives a current update of what is known about the immune system of G. Although insects lack an adaptive immune response, their innate immune response shows remarkable similarities with the immune response in vertebrates. There are no ethical constraints and their short life cycle makes them ideal for large-scale studies. mellonella larvae can be easily and inexpensively obtained in large numbers and are simple to use as they don't require special lab equipment. Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth or honeycomb moth) has been introduced as an alternative model to study microbial infections.
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